While I accept full blame for errors or lapses in presentation or interpretation of this material, I gratefully acknowledge the help of the people who assisted with the creation of this material, both directly and indirectly.

My sparring partner Matt Marino has been instrumental in working out the physical interpretations described here. More recently, we have been joined by Eli Huebner, who has made many contributions.

I am grateful to my colleagues at the Higgins Armory Sword Guild, and in particular Jeffrey Forgeng and Mark Millman for their suggestions on manuscripts to explore, and for their critique of our interpretations.

Reynir Alfreð Óskarson has been invaluable in suggesting drills, exercises, and teaching styles that have transformed our practice sessions, allowing us to make tremendous strides in our understanding of the weapons and their use.

Robin Cooper and Annie Humphrey have been an important part of our regular practice sessions, where theory and speculation meet the reality of physical practice.

Lastly, I thank the community of scholars researching and practicing historical European martial arts. Their translations and interpretations of the historical combat treatises have been critical to our success. Some of the materials we have used are listed on the references page.